Your star trek future will be arriving shortly.

Last year was huge for wearable and implantable medical devices. Researchers here in Corvallis and around the world made significant progress toward developing new technologies that will facilitate a boom in telemedical devices and services in the years to come.

Advances include the manufacturing of flexible organic implantable transistors and systems on a chip designed to be worn by patients. These allow for real-time diagnostics and the facilitation of telemedicine to implantable devices that are wireless and even self propelled.

But you may be wondering what exactly wearable medical devices are, how they work, and how they are related to telemedicine. Telemedicine is simply an expansion of the traditional doctor-patient relationship into the cloud. With the recent advances in information technology and mass manufacturing of advanced computer components, health care professional can now remotely diagnose patients by combining small, cheap sensors with the near-ubiquity of wireless internet and cell phones.

Power in Radio Waves
Researchers here at Oregon State University have developed a bandage-sized system-on-a-chip (SOC) that is powered by the ambient radio frequency (RF) waves that abound in our digital society—specifically, from cell phones and other RF devices within 15 feet of the SOC. The underlying technology used in the development of the chips could potentially even derive power from body heat and movement.
These SOCs are being designed with the intent of facilitating telemedicine via the remote monitoring of vital signs and other important health markers. By being powered by ambient RF the engineers were able to shrink the SOC down to the size of a postage stamp and reduce manufacturing costs to pennies per unit. The units can transmit a plethora of body measurements, including pulse rate and other cardiac-related features, perspiration, temperature, brain activity, and levels of physical movement.

Patrick Chiang, an associate professor in the OSU School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, said in a university press release that he and his team of graduate and undergraduate researchers had developed a SOC that incorporated traditionally bulky components into a postage stamp-sized device powered by ambient RF.

“Current technology allows you to measure these body signals using bulky, power-consuming, costly instruments,” Chiang told OSU. The researchers achieved significant improvements in power consumption, and feel that they can now make important biomedical measurements more portable, convenient, and affordable. These SOCs will be undergoing clinical trials; they would enable doctors and nurses to monitor patients from home and know immediately when cardiac events, falls, or other health-related events happen.

“The entire field of wearable body monitors is pretty exciting,” Chiang told OSU. “By being able to dramatically reduce the size, weight and cost of these devices, it opens new possibilities in medical treatment, health care, disease prevention, weight management and other fields.”
But the work of Chiang and his colleagues is likely not at all limited to medical care—if temperature, perspiration, and pulse rate can be monitored, the chips could even be useful to law enforcement agencies in lie detector systems.

Pedometers Made Simple
Another example of the sensing and data collection hardware can be found at the University of California in Los Angeles where researchers have developed a wearable sensor called Smart Insole for analyzing the gait of patients.
According to their paper, published in Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Pervasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments, “Patients or users can wear Smart Insole for gait analysis in daily life instead of participating in gait lab experiments for hours.” Their system would enable real-world, real-time analysis which would generate data that could be used in conjunction with smart phones or other mobile devices for “fall prevention, life behavior analysis, and networked wireless health systems.”

Remote Monitoring
On the communication, software, and hardware side of the equation, Dr. Roozbeh Jafari, an assistant professor of electrical engineering at the University of Texas in Dallas, has developed a small microcomputer system, no bigger than a button, specially designed to use less power and more efficiently analyze human movements. His system, depending on the modules or sensors attached to it, can be used to monitor the health or status of individual patients remotely. His main breakthrough was in optimizing the software that runs the system and in shrinking the hardware it runs on to the size of a button. Systems like this may soon be incorporated into hospital gowns or even consumer clothing.
In a press release from his university, Jafari said, “Growing demand for healthcare monitoring applications requires students, engineers, and healthcare professionals to design, develop, deploy, and operate wearable systems.”


Shocking Advancements
A patent has already been awarded to Zoll Medical Corporation of Chelmsford Massachusetts for a “wearable medical treatment device.” The device described in the patent is supposed to be capable of sensing, for example, the cardiac state of an individual. In the event of a crisis such as a heart attack or stroke, it would not only alert authorities but also could potentially deliver the necessary shocks to revive the patient or stop an arrhythmia.


Organic Implants
Going beyond wearable devices, researchers at the University of Tokyo developed the world’s first “flexible organic transistor that is robust enough to survive the high temperature medical sterilization process.” Because of problems with voltage and fears of infection from contaminants, organic transistors have not been used in medical implants up to this point, despite their benefits.
This advancement will pave the way for even smaller sensors that cannot just be worn temporarily in clothing, but can be implanted to give healthcare professionals an even higher resolution picture of your health without having to actually see you or put you at risk of infection by coming into contact with a sick individual in a waiting room. It may also enable earlier detection of potentially life-threatening health conditions before they become acute.


Swimming Through Veins
In what seems to be right out of the science-fiction tale Fantastic Voyage, researchers at Stanford University have demonstrated a device that is small enough to literally swim through your veins searching out foreign bodies.
According to a university press release, “Poon’s devices consist of a radio transmitter outside the body sending signals inside the body to an independent device that picks up the signal with an antenna of coiled wire. The transmitter and the antennae are magnetically coupled such that any change in current flow in the transmitter induces a voltage in the other wire. The power is transferred wirelessly and can be used to run electronics on the device and propel it through the bloodstream.”
The device could potentially be used for a number of applications, including specialized drug delivery, and possibly dismantling blood clots and plaques.

Star Trek Diagnostics
One California company, Scanadu, is already offering a tricorder-like device (think Star Trek) that works with smartphones to help users diagnose certain conditions and alert them when they need to seek professional help. According to their website, Scanadu is a new personalized health electronics company, with three products in its family of consumer health tools: Scanadu SCOUT, Project ScanaFlu, and Project ScanaFlo. Based at NASA-Ames Research Center, the company uses mobile, sensor, and social technology to ensure this is the last generation to know so little about its health.
If 2013 is anything like 2012 we can expect even more advances in information technology, which will mean more advances in wearable medical devices and telemedicine. There are already apps and gadgets for people to keep track of how far they have run or their blood pressure. Before long there might be apps for diagnosing more complex diseases and disorders, along with sensors and applications to help prevent the onset of debilitating conditions like diabetes.

I am probably wrong and that’s okay

I am probably wrong and that’s okay.

For much of my life I was an absolutist. I believed absolutely in the power of faith, miracles, the afterlife, angels, and demons. I believed in raptures and immaculate conceptions. Above all, I knew absolutely that without the grace afforded to me by my belief in Jesus Christ I would most assuredly burn in an everlasting hell.

I knew these things to be true to my core because I regularly attended church, participated in bible studies, and felt that I had been “tested” by events in my life. I was also surrounded by individuals who, for the most part, also believed as I did. I brought my bible to high school and gave mini-sermons during lunch to friends who were equally enthused. All of this cemented in my mind the veracity of my beliefs, surely if my parents,friends, teachers, pastors, and “media” all agreed then it must be true.

Despite my zealous religiosity I quite enjoyed mathematics and chemistry, it would be the thinking styles learned in these classes that served as the seeds for my religious undoing. It was not uncommon to see me with bible and chemistry books in hand.

Despite enjoying my science classes, at the time, I was extremely skeptical of evolution because of how my pastors had framed the “debate”. I knew it was a means of separating man from God and that “scientists” were trying to attack the true story of creation. Despite the cognitive dissonance of maintaining the philosophically juxtaposed views of biblical literalism and scientific reasoning, if you had asked me if I knew what the “Truth” was, I would have answered in the affirmative.

Of course I knew the truth, the truth was that Jesus was the way, the light, etc, the science be damned. I would go on to graduate from High school in 2002, an Evangelical Baptist and receive a full ride scholarship to Northern Arizona University to study Engineering, knowing for certain who I was, where I was going, and what I was going to do.  

Unlike most,when I first came to college I joined a local church and volunteered with local christian groups just like I was supposed to, because I was certain that this was the way one should live their life. One should educate themselves not just in the world, but also in the scripture. If you had asked me at the time I would have told you that I felt “called to service”. I knew for certain that my life was on track and I was doing what I was supposed to.  

By the end of my first semester though, something had begun to happen, I began to question for the first time certain fundamental truths about my identity, my faith, and my reason for being. One of the catalysts of this change was a young woman I met on January 8th 2003 in Target. Sony Sampat was a passionate Hindi woman who was as intelligent as she was striking.
Within a week of meeting Sony, we were dating and she convinced me to take a comparative religions class that semester. Feeling secure in my beliefs I felt this would be a good way of learning how best to evangelize to those of other faiths, and to be honest it was an excuse to spend more time with her. My relationship with Sony was the first significant relationship of my life. It was passionate and it was life altering.
Sadly, as is the case with many youthful relationships ours did not last, fortunately it was an amicable breakup. We maintained contact and remained friends. A few short months later though, Sony died at age 23 from a lung infection. Already beset by doubts about my own faith from being exposed to other, older, religions. Her death forced me to deal with a fundamental truth, one central to the acceptance of Christian Dogma; without a belief in Jesus one is damned to hell.
Sony, a believer in Krishna, never had a problem with my faith and I was so enamored of her that I simply didn't dwell on our differences in faith. She was a good kind hearted person, she was clearly not “evil” and I struggled mightily with accepting that she was burning in hell because she said “Krishna” when she prayed instead of saying “Jesus” or “yahweh”.

While her death would not lead me to immediately renounce my faith it was the proverbial first domino in a long chain that would lead inexorably to me being the skeptic I am today. It was also the first instance of me truly doubting the veracity of fundamental truths in my life.

One might think that having lived the absolutist Christian life I would immediately move onto more relativistic views, sadly this was not the case. In the intervening ten years I flitted from one absolutist version of reality to another. I dabbled in Wicca, studied Buddhism, read from the Gita, listened to people speak on the Koran, and participated in more than one new age online group.

Than in 2005, I found a website called Above Top secret and would spend the next 3 years believing wholeheartedly in a great many conspiracy and alternative theories. From  the 2012 Mayan Prophecies and the Celestine Prophecies to aliens, indigo children, free energy, and the Illuminati, I knew for certain what the truth was. What I knew most certainly was that President Bush and Dick Cheney had orchestrated the 9/11 attacks and would not be leaving office. They would be forming a military dictatorship etc etc. With the peaceful transition of power, I was forced by reality to yet again question deeply held beliefs.

I was certain that I had known the truth, and in my certainty I failed to imagine just how wrong I could be. This kind of thing happened to me a lot over the last ten years and it has left an indelible mark on my psyche.

Thinking back on this time, as an avowed skeptic of most claims, ten years on, now studying Journalism, it seems almost like watching the life of another person. Who was this person so sure that truth was knowable and that he knew it?

The only thing I know now, is that I know nothing for certain. Furthermore, I know that no matter how much I know, it will never be sufficient to perfectly describe or predict any event.

My perspective is limited by my imagination, which is constrained by my worldview, which is defined by things outside of my control. Simply put, without evidence, I trust no one, least of all my own perception. We are blind to that which we cannot imagine, if we cannot imagine being wrong, we cannot see how wrong we actually are.
So I now, instead of being certain of the truth,I accept that I am probably wrong, and actively look for ways to find out just how wrong I am. The crowd tends to go with loud and proud, but the wise know that no matter how loud or how proud you are, you are still going to be wrong at some point. If you really must be certain, be certain that you are wrong. Better to be wrong about being wrong, then wrong about being right.

Walmart Action - Photo Essay

After about forty minutes of rallying and sign waving in front of the main entrance, Walmart management came out to ask the Occupiers to move to the edge of the property line. After a short discussion the occupation peacefully moved to the property line where they marched and passed out flyers to cars that stopped.

After Walmart managers asked the Occupiers to move to edge of the property some of the group marched around the perimeter of the parking lot chanting and waving signs at cars as they entered the complex. Quinny and Maddoc lead the "parade".

Some thirty occupiers were in attendance protesting in solidarity with Walmart workers around the nation. Some 1000 protests not to dissimilar from this one happened this Black Friday.

 Eric Coker, one of the organizers for this event, can be seen dashing out to a gentleman with flyers detailing the reasons why he ought not shop at Wal-Mart. 

Some of the Raging Grannies of Corvallis were in attendance as well. From right to left, Kathy Conner, Ruth Arent, and Jannet Rassmussen. Not one to let a mere 9 decades of life keep her down Ruth was as energetic and lively as any of the young people in attendance. She wanted everyone to know that even at 90 she was still fighting for fair labor laws.

Steven Nelson spinning Fire

Steven Nelson of Philomath has a unique talent, and a distinct lack of fear. 

Who knew that rags, kerosene, and  a staff in the rain could be so much fun. 

Despite the fairly heavy rain Steven was undeterred. 

Here Steven was trying to get our mutual Neighboor Kelly to give it a try, she wasn't quite as fearless. 

Steven demonstrating what skill with a staff looks like. 

He begins to build to a finale twirling the staff above his head. 

His finale looked like he was opening a portal to another world. 

Free shots

Overview shot of Benton County Courthouse in downtown Corvallis

Medium shot of Benton County Court House

Officer Stutzman on gaurd duty at the courthouse on the morning of November 14th

Historic site marker for Benton County Court House

human enhancement

Since the beginning of human history this species has been augmenting its natural abilities through the use of varying technologies; from language and plowshares to fiber optic cables and cellphones, humanity has consistently sought to broaden its capabilities through technological augmentation. As the ages have passed human technology has increased in complexity and scope to the point where existing technology operates at atomic and cellular scales.

Just as all new technology is initially opposed, so too has biotechnologically derived cognitive enhancement been opposed. From the fear of an enhancement divide to the fear of impugning human dignity, opponents to cognitive enhancement have argued that there are many dangers and pitfalls along the path of human enhancement.

While some explicit cognitive enhancement research has been done by hobbyists and groups like DARPA, the preponderance of “enhancement” research has been done for the purposes of “treatment” of “disabled” individuals. Drugs have been developed to treat everything from Alzheimer's to Attention Deficit Disorder, some of these treatments, when taken by normative individuals, show the potential for cognitive enhancement.[1] It is the contentious distinction between therapy and enhancement and radical vs moderate enhancement that serves as the bright lines separating the two sides. Very little debate exists around whether or not individuals who can be treated should be treated. The debate arises when those who are perceived as “able” are given “treatments” for those who are supposed to be “disabled”.

For opponents of enhancement there is a clear distinction between therapy and enhancement, even if it is not morally significant. “Norm Daniels, who has argued for the use of quasi-statistical concepts of “normality”, argues that any intervention designed to restore or preserve a species-typical level of functioning for an individual should count as therapy and the rest as enhancement.” For opponents of cognitive enhancement, this distinction between therapy and enhancement is used to draw metaphorical lines in the sand delineating what is acceptable by the medical profession and what is not. In other words medical treatment should be withheld except for cases where ableness has been diminished.

Proponents of cognitive enhancement, as would be expected, tend to not see such a bright line between enhancement and therapy. For Professor Nick Bostrom, a self described Transhumanist, “there is the question of how to define a normal healthy state. Many human attributes have a normal (bell curve) distribution.[2] The definition of a healthy state being necessary to the distinction between therapeutic treatment and human enhancement, Bostrom argues that to define abnormality as falling below a given population average is to introduce an arbitrary point that seems to lack any fundamental medical or normative significance.[3] From the enhancer perspective, if there is no meaningful distinction between therapy and enhancement, and there exists no limit on therapy, than there ought not exist a limit on enhancement. 

Argument about the distinction between therapy and enhancement aside,the debate boils down to a question of degree. Proponents of cognitive enhancement argue that enhancement will enable humans to think “better” and live longer, and that this will better equip humanity to solve challenging sociopolitical problems and increase the rate of scientific discovery.[4] Because of this, proponents argue that “Cognitive enhancing drugs, along with newer technologies such as brain stimulation and prosthetic brain chips, should be viewed in the same general category as education, good health habits, and information technology.” [5] For them, biotechnologically derived cognitive enhancement is not so much revolutionary, as it is iterative. Trying to create arbitrary distinctions between treatments serves no one from the enhancers perspective.

While the appeal of cognitive enhancement appeals to some, the fear that those enhancements might lead to an “Enhancement Divide,” similar to the Digital Divide, leads opponents to question whether or not if individuals who are unable to enhance might be significantly disadvantaged.”[6] In their minds, the very real possibility that enhancements will be distributed via markets necessarily means that the benefits of enhancement will not be equally or fairly distributed; leading to something worse than a divided class society, a genetically divided caste society.

In a lecture at the London School of Economics[7] Professor Bostrom argues that enhancements could be provided to the less well off through the publicly financed NHS(the national health service) in the same way that existing medicine, like Adderall, is provided. From his perspective the potential for an enhancement gap between classes can be mitigated in the same way that the digital divide has been bridged, namely through government transfers and progressive taxation to fund enhancement programs.

While some opponents fret over the potential for a divide in society, still others worry about the potential for diminishing human dignity. “Before we too quickly dismiss the idea of “human dignity” as romanticized and outdated, we need to give it full consideration and ask whether that concept would suffer if human enhancement were unrestricted.”[8] For these individuals the idea of an intrinsic natural state holds great significance. For them, any radical change in human cognitive abilities might necessarily entail the adoption of new and challenging virtues contrary to existing human virtues. It might, for example, mean the willful abortion of down syndrome babies or the forced enhancement of at-risk individuals like the poor and indigent. This potential for disrespecting “human dignity” stands as  a barrier to accepting cognitive enhancements for some.

For proponents however, the view is that with cognitive enhancements it may well turn out that some of the same knowledge used to facilitate cognitive enhancements may allow for the development of what some have called "moral enhancements."[9] From this perspective as humanity becomes more cognitively capable, the ability to morally reason will also improve. With improved moral reasoning and improved cognitive capabilities proponents of enhancement feel that posthumans will be more morally minded and more capable of following through on their moral prescriptions.

      A final, and legitimate, worry of opponents to cognitive enhancement is that the choice to abstain from enhancement may not remain a viable choice for long. They fear that should the majority decide that genetically enhancing one’s children’s intelligence or pharmacologically enhancing one’s workplace productivity is the morally right thing to do, not doing so will become as taboo as smoking or failing to vaccinate one’s children.”[10] Given this potential, some feel, that enhancement should not be undertaken at all for fear of creating an environment where one does not have a choice but to become enhanced.

Proponents point out that “Cognitive enhancement in the form of education is already required for almost all children at substantial cost to their liberty, and employers are generally free to require employees to have certain educational credentials or to obtain them.”[11] Given this, they feel that cognitive enhancements in the form of implants of pharmaceuticals are no different, in so far as having costs or reducing personal liberty to choose not to enhance. In the same way that children are required to be educated and vaccinated so to ought they be required to accept minimum levels of enhancement.

As this writer see it, the arguments against enhancement fundamentally boil down to arguments of degree. Must humans already chemically or physically enhance their lives. They imbibe caffeine, nicotine, and other pharmacological agent for the purposes of inducing focus and alertness or for reducing stress and anxiety. They use machines of varying sizes and shapes to augment their physical capabilities. Are they not enhancing themselves by ingesting these substances and using these tools? If they are willing to accept a little boost from a substance or tool, why not accept a longer lasting more profound augmentation?

On college campuses across the nation students are taking drugs like Adderall or Modafinil, off label, to increase focus and enhance their cognition. Some consider this to be cheating and have advocated for banning the use of these kinds of substances like they were steroids. Yet their grades can be better and they often more quickly assimilate the knowledge, the only difference is that they are chemically enhancing their ability to acquire and retain the information. This seems to be a good thing, smarter students today means better researchers tomorrow.

Is this not good for humanity? If side-effects are few and the prices are kept reasonable does not the benefit of a smarter society outweigh the risks? Given these drugs already exist for "enhancing" the disabled to the point of ableness, why not take those who are able and make them more able?

Most humans already use physical technology to enhance their natural abilities. Cell Phones for example, despite texting, do enhance human communication, especially over large distances. The difference between a cellphone and a neural implant that connected one to the web seems to be one of degree. Why stop at tools that are used temporarily when the technology to radically enhance human cognitive capabilities exists? Human cognitive enhancement should not only be accepted, it should be promoted.

---

[1] http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2010/09/16/donepezil/

“In a new study, to be published online Thursday, Sept. 16, in the journal Current Biology, researchers from UC Berkeley’s Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and School of Optometry found that study participants showed significantly greater benefits from practice on a task that involved discriminating directions of motion after they took donepezil.”

[2] Nick Bostrom and Rebecca Roache (2008). Ethical Issues in Human Enhancement. Published in New Waves in Applied Ethics.  pp. 120-152 http://www.nickbostrom.com/ethics/human-enhancement.pdf

[3] Nick Bostrom and Rebecca Roache

[4]Nick Bostrom and Rebecca Roache

[5]Nick Bostrom and Rebecca Roache

[6]Patrick Lin and Fritz Allhoff

[7]Professor Nick Bostrom, Professor Anne Kerr. The Ethics of Human Enhancement. Lecture at the London School of Economics. http://www2.lse.ac.uk/newsAndMedia/videoAndAudio/channels/publicLecturesAndEvents/player.aspx?id=1620

[8] Patrick Lin and Fritz Allhoff. Against Unrestricted Human Enhancement - Journal of Evolution and Technology - Vol. 18 Issue 1 – May 2008 – pgs 35-41

http://jetpress.org/v18/linallhoff.htm

[9] Henry Greely, Barbara Sahakian. Towards responsible use of cognitive enhancing drugs by the healthy. Advance Online Publication|doi:10.1038/456702a|

[10] Benjamin Storey. Liberation Biology, Lost in the Cosmos. The New Atlantis Journal of Technology and Society 

http://www.thenewatlantis.com/publications/liberation-biology-lost-in-the-cosmos

[11]Henry Greely, Barbara Sahakian.

neighboorhood photos

Benton County Museum in Philomath Oregon on the morning of November 2nd.

Mario Menor of Eager Beaver cleaning services blowing the leaves away in front of the Philomath Police Department on the morning of November 2nd.

Ray Abernathy of Philomath may be down on his luck but he still has time to sit and enjoy his corgies. 

My Cloud Atlas Review

Cloud Atlas, if you haven’t heard about it yet, is one of the most diverse and broad films I have ever seen. There are few movies that have moved me the way that Cloud Atlas did—from the symphonic score to the awe-inspiring cinematography and special effects, Cloud Atlas hits all the right notes and doesn’t overdo the special effects from a production standpoint. On top of the amazing production is a top-notch story that blends the cerebral with the emotional. Cloud Atlas will leave you not just thinking, but feeling.

The film is a collection of different narratives spanning several thousand years. The characters are bound together through space and time by love, tragedy, and a steadfast refusal to accept oppression. The directors accomplish this by using the same actors in most of the narratives and by using different aspects of the Cloud Atlas Sextet, which was composed by director Tom Tyker.

To say that Cloud Atlas has a musical component would be an understatement. As much of the story is told through music as it is through dialogue and special effects. Each narrative features a different portion of the sextet; the piece builds throughout the movie, climaxing just as the movie reaches its apex. The score accompanying Cloud Atlas rivals the musicality of Moulin Rouge.

     And the acting on display by Halle Berry, Tom Hanks, Hugo Weaving, and Jim Broadbent will likely win awards. While the Wachowski brothers brought their outstanding stage production to the film, Tom Tykwer really knocked it out of the park in terms of plot development and making the characters real for the viewer. I laughed out loud during a scene where one of the characters, in an attempt to escape from an old-age home, shouts to the other inmates “Soylent Green is people!” only to be apprehended by the staff and dragged back inside.

     What sold me on this film was its blending of philosophy with narrative. Stories evolved as a means of exchanging cultural knowledge between generations and peoples. Of late most of the films on display in Hollywood have been vapid, violent, or generally menial. Cloud Atlas rises above this, delivering solid acting that conveys important philosophical truths related to humanity and our place in the universe. This is encapsulated by one line that is repeated a few times throughout the movie: “Our lives are not our own. From womb to tomb, we are bound to others, past and present and by each crime and every kindness, we birth our future.”

Cloud Atlas is a long movie, but you will absolutely not be disappointed. You may even want to return to see it again. Do yourself a favor, and go watch Cloud Atlas.

Odyssey photos from LBCC

The Arcimoto is an all electric 2 seater vehicle, classified as a motorcycle by the state of Oregon. It designed with the urban commuter in mind. With a range of 40-120 miles per charge it can get you to work and back in one charge. On display in the Quad at the Albany campus of LBCC on Thursday Oct 18th.

Cars and trucks on display from local companies and auto-dealers for the Odyssey Alternative Fuels event on October 18th.

Dan Lara a spokesman for the Odyssey event giving his speech about how an all above the approach to solving our nations energy problems start with local educational institutions like LBCC. This event took place in the Quad at the Albany campus of LBCC on Thursday Oct 18th.

Dan Lara a spokesman for the Odyssey event posing for a photograph after his speech in the Quad at the Albany campus of LBCC on Thursday Oct 18th.

Portrait and Mug shot

Mug shot of . Photo taken in the quad at LBCC campus in Albany on Thursday afternoon.  

Local hackysack guru ; with the tools of his trade. He gathers daily with friends in the quad at LBCC campus in Albany to play, new players are welcome to come and join in the fun.